DEVELOPING CRITICAL THINKING SKILLS OF PRIMARY SCHOOL STUDENTS THROUGH INDEPENDENT CURRICULUM LEARNING
Keywords:
Critical Thinking, Primary School, Merdeka Belajar Curriculum.Abstract
The development of critical thinking skills among elementary school students plays an important role in preparing the younger generation to face the challenges of the fourth industrial revolution era. The method used is a literature study on this theme. The results of the study revealed that Merdeka Belajar Curriculum provides ample space to improve students' critical thinking skills through flexible learning, focusing on students, and closely related to context. Effective strategies include project-based learning, collaborative problem solving, and technology integration in the learning process. However, the research also identified challenges such as the need for intense enrichment of teacher competencies and adaptation of assessment methods to appropriately measure critical thinking skills. In conclusion, Merdeka Belajar Curriculum has great potential to improve the critical thinking skills of primary school students, but this achievement is highly dependent on careful implementation along with comprehensive support from all education stakeholders. Recommendations for further studies include long-term studies on the long-term impact of this curriculum on the development of students' critical thinking skills and the exploration of new assessment models that are in line with the objectives of the Merdeka Belajar Curriculum.
Downloads
References
Abdussamad, Z. (2022). Buku Metode Penelitian Kualitatif. Query date: 2024-05-25 20:59:55. https://doi.org/10.31219/osf.io/juwxn
Agustin, S. P., & Shofiyah, N. (2023). Implementation of the Problem Based Learning to Improve Higher Order Thinking Skills (HOTS) Of Elementary School Students. Query date: 2024-08-29 20:14:05. https://doi.org/10.21070/ups.3149
Aini, E. N., & Wulandari, F. (2023). Influence of Discovery Learning Model To Higher Order Thinking Skills (HOTS) in Science Subject Class V Elementary School. Query date: 2024-08-29 20:14:05. https://doi.org/10.21070/ups.1756
Alpizar, D., Vo, T., French, B. F., & Hand, B. (2022). Growth of critical thinking skills in middle school immersive science learning environments. Thinking Skills and Creativity, 46(Query date: 2024-08-29 20:14:05), 101192–101192. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tsc.2022.101192
Ardiansya, V. O., Minsih, M., Negara, S. P. P. S., & Mujiono, N. S. (2024). Increasing Critical Thinking Abilities and Skills through Problem Based Learning for Elementary School Students. Buletin KKN Pendidikan, 6(1), 33–46. https://doi.org/10.23917/bkkndik.v6i1.23664
Ardyanti, G. D., & Rezania, V. (2024). Effect of Problem Based Learning assisted by Brainstorming on Students’ Critical Thinking Skills. Query date: 2024-08-29 20:14:05. https://doi.org/10.21070/ups.5868
Aritonang, M., Adha, M. M., Pargito, P., & Pramudiyanti, P. (2023). Discovery Learning: Learning Modules to Improve the Critical Thinking Skills of Grade IV Elementary School Students. International Journal of Current Science Research and Review, 6(10). https://doi.org/10.47191/ijcsrr/v6-i10-45
Aslan, A. (2016). Kurikulum Pendidikan Vs Kurikulum Sinetron. Khazanah: Jurnal Studi Islam Dan Humaniora, 14(2), Article 2.
Aslan, A. (2023). KURIKULUM PENDIDIKAN AGAMA ISLAM DI SEKOLAH DASAR. JURNAL PENDIDIKAN DAN KEGURUAN, 1(1), Article 1.
Aslan & Wahyudin. (2020). Kurikulum dalam Tantangan Perubahan. Bookies Indonesia. https://scholar.google.com/scholar?oi=bibs&hl=en&cluster=17745790780728460138
Astuti, S. E. P., Aslan, A., & Parni, P. (2023). OPTIMALISASI PERAN GURU DALAM PROSES PEMBELAJARAN KURIKULUM 2013 DI MADRASAH IBTIDAIYAH SWASTA. SITTAH: Journal of Primary Education, 4(1), Article 1. https://doi.org/10.30762/sittah.v4i1.963
Barokah, A. (2021). DEVELOPING LEARNING SCIENCE MODULE TO IMPROVE CRITICAL THINKING SKILLS FOR ELEMENTARY SCHOOL. Primary: Jurnal Pendidikan Guru Sekolah Dasar, 10(3). https://doi.org/10.33578/jpfkip.v10i3.8265
Chew, S. W., Huang, X.-Y., Hsu, F.-H., & Chen, N.-S. (2020). Enhancing Critical Thinking Skills of Elementary School Students through Collaborative Learning. 2020 IEEE 20th International Conference on Advanced Learning Technologies (ICALT), Query date: 2024-08-29 20:14:05. https://doi.org/10.1109/icalt49669.2020.00082
Cleovoulou, Y. (2021). 21st Century Pedagogies and Citizenship Education: Enacting Elementary School Curriculum Using Critical Inquiry-Based Learning. Teacher Education in the 21st Century - Emerging Skills for a Changing World, Query date: 2024-08-29 20:14:05. https://doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.96998
Dini, S. D., & Putra, R. S. T. (2024). Implementation of Independent Curriculum in Akidah Akhlak Learning to Train Students Critical Thinking. Query date: 2024-08-29 20:14:05. https://doi.org/10.21070/ups.3767
Fajari, L. E. W. (2021). CRITICAL THINKING SKILLS AND THEIR IMPACTS ON ELEMENTARY SCHOOL STUDENTS. Malaysian Journal of Learning and Instruction, 18(Query date: 2024-08-29 20:14:05). https://doi.org/10.32890/mjli2021.18.2.6
Fawait, A., Siyeh, W. F., & Aslan, A. (2024). ISLAMIC EDUCATION MANAGEMENT STRATEGIES IN IMPROVING THE QUALITY OF LEARNING IN MADRASAS. Indonesian Journal of Education (INJOE), 4(2), Article 2.
Fiteriadi, R., Aslan, & Eliyah. (2024). IMPLEMENTASI PROGRAM TAHFIDZ AL-QUR’AN DI SEKOLAH DASAR SWASTA ISLAM TERPADU AL-FURQON. JUTEQ: JURNAL TEOLOGI & TAFSIR, 1(4), Article 4.
Guna, B. W. K., Yuwantiningrum, S. E., Firmansyah, S, M. D. A., & Aslan. (2024). Building Morality and Ethics Through Islamic Religious Education In Schools. IJGIE (International Journal of Graduate of Islamic Education), 5(1), Article 1. https://doi.org/10.37567/ijgie.v5i1.2685
Hairiyanto, Sartika, E., Fransiska, F. W., & Aslan. (2024). UNDERSTANDING THE STUDENTS’ ENGLISH LEARNING ACHIEVEMENT AND HOME ENVIRONMENT SUPPORTS DURING SCHOOL CLOSURE TO RESPOND TO PANDEMIC AT PRIVATE MADRASAH TSANAWIYAH AT-TAKWA SAMBAS. International Journal of Teaching and Learning, 2(4), Article 4.
Halim, H. L., & Wulandari, F. (2024). Exploring Guided Discovery Learning: Its Impact on Critical Thinking Skills and Self-Efficacy of Elementary School Students. Query date: 2024-08-29 20:14:05. https://doi.org/10.21070/ups.5110
Harianja, R., Tampubolon, T., & Manalu, L. (2023). Analysis of Problem-Based Learning Model on Mathematical Critical Thinking Skills of Elementary School Studentst. Formatif: Jurnal Ilmiah Pendidikan MIPA, 13(1). https://doi.org/10.30998/formatif.v13i1.17251
Hasyim, F. (2024). Critical Thinking Skills Mapping of State Junior High School Students Throughout the City of Surabaya Through Critical and Independent Learning Design. Jurnal Phi Jurnal Pendidikan Fisika Dan Fisika Terapan, 10(2), 60–60. https://doi.org/10.22373/p-jpft.v10i2.25000
Hasyim, F., Prastowo, T., & Jatmiko, B. (2024). Quality of critical thinking-independent learning (CTIL) model and learning materials to improve students’ critical thinking skills in applied science education. AIP Conference Proceedings, Query date: 2024-08-29 20:14:05. https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0210460
Hendratno, Yasin, F. N., Istiq’faroh, N., & Suprayitno. (2023). Development of Textbook Based on Character Using Multimedia to Improve Critical Thinking Skills for Elementary School Students. Studies in Learning and Teaching, 4(1), 52–67. https://doi.org/10.46627/silet.v4i1.193
Indrapangastuti, D., Wahyudi, W., & Rokhmaniyah, R. (2024). Enhancing Critical Thinking Skills of Prospective Elementary School Teachers: A Study on Problem-Based Learning Approach. AL-ISHLAH: Jurnal Pendidikan, 16(1), 306–316. https://doi.org/10.35445/alishlah.v16i1.4476
Isnani, T. (2023). Implementation of Project-Based Learning Approach in Improving Critical Thinking Skills of Elementary School Students. Jurnal Ar Ro’is Mandalika (Armada), 3(1), 47–55. https://doi.org/10.59613/armada.v3i1.2844
Jumanto, Sa’Ud, U. S., & Sopandi, W. (2024). Profile of Critical Thinking Skills of Elementary School Students in Surakarta City Based on Elements Curriculum Merdeka. SHS Web of Conferences, 182(Query date: 2024-08-29 20:14:05), 1007–1007. https://doi.org/10.1051/shsconf/202418201007
Kusmaryono, I., & Maharani, H. R. (2021). Imagination And Creative Thinking Skills Of Elementary School Students In Learning Mathematics: A Reflection Of Realistic Mathematics Education. ELEMENTARY: Islamic Teacher Journal, 9(2), 287–287. https://doi.org/10.21043/elementary.v9i2.11781
Lestari, F., Alim, J. A., & Noviyanti, M. (2024). Implementation of Differentiated Learning to Enhance Elementary School Students’ Mathematical Critical and Creative Thinking Skills. International Journal of Elementary Education, 8(1), 178–187. https://doi.org/10.23887/ijee.v8i1.64295
Lubis, S., & Priyadi, M. (2022). IMPLEMENTATION OF THE INDEPENDENT LEARNING CURRICULUM IN ELEMENTARY SCHOOL. SCHOOL EDUCATION JOURNAL PGSD FIP UNIMED, 12(4), 356–361. https://doi.org/10.24114/sejpgsd.v12i4.40962
Melawati, Y., Rosidin, U., Nurhanurawati, N., & Handoko, H. (2023). Development of A Higher-Order Thinking Skills (HOTS) Instrument to Measure Student’s Critical Thinking Abilities in Class V Elementary School. International Journal of Current Science Research and Review, 6(12). https://doi.org/10.47191/ijcsrr/v6-i12-70
Muharrom, M., Aslan, A., & Jaelani, J. (2023). IMPLEMENTASI KURIKULUM MERDEKA BELAJAR PADA PEMBELAJARAN PENDIDIKAN AGAMA ISLAM DI SMK PUSAT KEUNGGULAN SMK MUHAMMADIYAH SINTANG. Jurnal Ilmu Pendidikan Dan Kearifan Lokal, 3(1), Article 1.
Murniati, S. (2023). Efforts to Improve Students’ Critical Thinking Skills Through Scientific Approach in Elementary School. JENIUS (Journal of Education Policy and Elementary Education Issues), 4(2), 128–140. https://doi.org/10.22515/jenius.v4i2.6324
MY, N., Nurlina, N., & Ma’ruf, M. (2023). Analysis of Critical Thinking Skills of Elementary School Students Through Integrated Problem-Based Learning Model with Mind Mapping. EDUKASIA: Jurnal Pendidikan Dan Pembelajaran, 4(2), 1373–1380. https://doi.org/10.62775/edukasia.v4i2.445
Nadhiroh, S., & Anshori, I. (2023). Implementation Of The Independent Learning Curriculum In The Development of Critical Thinking Skills in Islamic Religious Education Learning. Query date: 2024-08-29 20:14:05. https://doi.org/10.21070/ups.2819
Ningrum, A. W., & Murti, R. C. (2023). Contextual Learning Models in Improving Elementary School Critical Thinking Skills. Jurnal Penelitian Pendidikan IPA, 9(5), 48–53. https://doi.org/10.29303/jppipa.v9i5.2360
Nuraeni, F., Amalia, S., & Nugroho, O. F. (2023). Investigating the impact of distance learning with STEM at home strategy on improving elementary school students’ critical thinking skills. AIP Conference Proceedings, Query date: 2024-08-29 20:14:05. https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0155627
Nuraini, N. L. S., Cholifah, P. S., Mahanani, P., & Meidina, A. M. (2020). Critical Thinking and Reflective Thinking Skills in Elementary School Learning. Proceedings of the 2nd Early Childhood and Primary Childhood Education (ECPE 2020), Query date: 2024-08-29 20:14:05. https://doi.org/10.2991/assehr.k.201112.001
Nurmala, V., Firdaus, F. M., & Sunyono. (2023). Can the SiMaYang Learning Model Improve Elementary School Students’ Critical Thinking Skills? MIMBAR PGSD Undiksha, 11(3), 344–354. https://doi.org/10.23887/jjpgsd.v11i3.65486
Nursyaidah, N., Putri, Y. E., & Lubis, A. A. (2023). Implementation of Independent Curriculum in Learning Indonesian in Elementary School. Syekh Nurjati International Conference on Elementary Education, 1(Query date: 2024-08-29 20:14:05), 153–153. https://doi.org/10.24235/sicee.v1i0.14566
Pamorti, O. A., Winarno, W., & Suryandari, K. C. (2024). Fostering Critical Thinking Skills Through Innovative Elementary School Science Learning. Social, Humanities, and Educational Studies (SHES): Conference Series, 7(1), 229–229. https://doi.org/10.20961/shes.v7i1.84314
Park, K. (2021). Effects of literacy activities using children’s literature on critical thinking dispositions and English productive skills of elementary school students. Korean Association For Learner-Centered Curriculum And Instruction, 21(15), 277–294. https://doi.org/10.22251/jlcci.2021.21.15.277
Pratama, R. R. (2021). Implementation of The Quantum Learning Model to Improve Critical Thinking Skills Students of Elementary School. Kalam Cendekia: Jurnal Ilmiah Kependidikan, 9(1). https://doi.org/10.20961/jkc.v9i1.53851
Purba, L. S. L. (2022). Analysis of critical thinking ability based on student gender through the implementation of independent curriculum in chemistry learning. Jurnal Pendidikan Kimia, 14(3), 187–192. https://doi.org/10.24114/jpkim.v14i3.40305
Rahmawati, E. (2021). Application of the Problem Based Learning Model to Improve Critical Thinking Skills for Grade IV Elementary School Students. Social, Humanities, and Educational Studies (SHEs): Conference Series, 3(4), 104–104. https://doi.org/10.20961/shes.v3i4.53289
Rizmayannudin, F., & Nuroh, E. Z. (2024). Implementation of Project Based Learning (PJBL) Model on Critical Thinking Skills of Elementary School Learners. Query date: 2024-08-29 20:14:05. https://doi.org/10.21070/ups.6451
Sandang, G., . W., & Latiana, L. (2022). Development of Interactive Learning Multimedia ‘Mejabando’ for Improving Critical and Creative Thinking Skills in Indonesian Language Learning Class V Elementary School. International Journal of Research and Review, 9(2), 402–410. https://doi.org/10.52403/ijrr.20220251
Santos-Meneses, L. F., Pashchenko, T., & Mikhailova, A. (2023). Critical thinking in the context of adult learning through PBL and e-learning: A course framework. Thinking Skills and Creativity, 49(Query date: 2024-08-29 20:14:05), 101358–101358. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tsc.2023.101358
Sari, M. K., Sudiyanto, S., & Kurniawan, S. B. (2021). Critical Thinking Skills Profile of Fourth Grade Elementary School Students in Science Learning. ICLIQE 2021: Proceeding of The 5th International Conference on Learning Innovation and Quality Education, Query date: 2024-08-29 20:14:05. https://doi.org/10.1145/3516875.3516968
Setyowati, R. & Suprapti. (2022). First Grade Elementary School Students’ Reflective Thinking Skills in Thematic Learning. JENIUS (Journal of Education Policy and Elementary Education Issues), 3(1), 46–56. https://doi.org/10.22515/jenius.v3i1.4957
Sitopu, J. W., Khairani, M., Roza, M., Judijanto, L., & Aslan, A. (2024). THE IMPORTANCE OF INTEGRATING MATHEMATICAL LITERACY IN THE PRIMARY EDUCATION CURRICULUM: A LITERATURE REVIEW. International Journal of Teaching and Learning, 2(1), Article 1.
Suryana, S. I., Sopandi, W., Sobari, T., & Banawi, A. (2022). BEGINNING CRITICAL THINKING SKILLS FOR V ELEMENTARY SCHOOL STUDENTS IN BANDUNG. Current Issues on Elementary Education Journal, 1(1), 1–15. https://doi.org/10.17509/ciee.v1i1.49095
Susanti, R. (2024). Effective Strategies in Developing Critical Thinking Skills in Elementary School Age Children. West Science Interdisciplinary Studies, 2(4), 732–736. https://doi.org/10.58812/wsis.v2i04.785
Syakhrani, A. W., & Aslan, A. (2024). THE IMPACT OF INFORMAL FAMILY EDUCATION ON CHILDREN’S SOCIAL AND EMOTIONAL SKILLS. Indonesian Journal of Education (INJOE), 4(2), Article 2.
Wae, M. S., Wani, B., & Laksana, D. N. L. (2023). Elementary School Sport and Health Physical Education Curriculum Design in Independent Curriculum Learning. Journal Physical Health Recreation, 3(2), 218–226. https://doi.org/10.55081/jphr.v3i2.1094
Wekke, I. S. (2020). Desain Penelitian Kualitatif. Query date: 2024-05-25 20:59:55. https://doi.org/10.31219/osf.io/4q8pz
Widayanti, I., & Juhji, J. (2023). Developing STEM-Based PowToon Animation Videos to Enhance Critical Thinking Skills in Elementary School Students. Journal of Integrated Elementary Education, 3(2), 98–108. https://doi.org/10.21580/jieed.v3i2.17483
Wulandari, A., Yektyastuti, R., Erlangga, S. Y., & Effane, A. (2023). Implementation of Project-Based Learning Model Based on STEM Design Thinking and Its Effecton toward Critical Thinking Skills of Elementary School Students. DIDAKTIKA TAUHIDI: Jurnal Pendidikan Guru Sekolah Dasar, 10(2), 241–255. https://doi.org/10.30997/dt.v10i2.9618
Yuliani, E., Nudzikrinia, A. S., Setianingrum, R., Sari, A. N., & Supeno, S. (2022). Improving Critical Thinking Skills of Elementary School Students through Composter Innovation Learning. Pancaran Pendidikan, 11(1). https://doi.org/10.25037/pancaran.v11i1.382
Yusella, Y., Suciptaningsih, O. A., & Degeng, M. D. K. (2023). Development Of Hots-Based Assessment in the Curriculum to Increase Critical Thinking Skills of Elementary School Students. JIIP - Jurnal Ilmiah Ilmu Pendidikan, 6(7), 4991–4998. https://doi.org/10.54371/jiip.v6i7.2036
Zubaedah, Z., Riswandi, R., Yulianti, D., & Firdaus, R. (2024). Development of Interactive Video Learning Media Based on Articulate Storyline to Improve Students Critical Thinking Skills in Thematic Learning Grade V Elementary School. International Journal of Current Science Research and Review, 7(3). https://doi.org/10.47191/ijcsrr/v7-i3-49
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2024 Irwan Irwan , Arnadi Arnadi, Aslan Aslan
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
